Conditional Sentence

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

           

Conditional sentence is a sentence that express a wish, hope, plan that may be possible, unreal or contrary to the fact, or impossible. Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses.

There are three types of Conditional Sentences: 

A. Type I: Future Conditional

It is used to express a wish, hope or plan that may be possible to happen (Ada kemungkinan terjadi).

If + S + Verb (present), S + future tense

Atau

Subjek + future tense, if + subjek + future tense

Examples:

1.    If she comes, I will give her the message.

2.    If you study hard, you will pass the final exam.

3.    If she wins the competition, they will give her a gold medal.

4.    He will not go to the picnic if it rains.

5.    If we arrive late, she will be angry with us.

6.    You will get better grades if you study hard.

7.    I will go to Paris if I had money.

8.    If the weather is good I will go for a five-mile walk.

9.    If I pass the final examination, I will go picnic to Jakarta.

10.     If I am television a reporter, I will interview Mr. President.

2. Type II: Present Conditional

Contrary to the fact in the present (berlawanan dengan kenyataan sekarang). Untuk tipe ini, to be yang digunakan selalu “Were” untuk semua pronoun.

If + S + Verb 2 / were + S + would + Verb1

If + S + V2, Subject + Past Future

Examples:       

1.      If she visited me, I would give her money.

2.      If you were a flower, I would be a bee.

3.      If I felt better, I would come to the class.

4.      You would get better grades if you study hard.

5.      If I had enough time, I would accompany you.

6.      He wouldn’t cough so much if he smokes less.

7.      If Jason were my boyfriend, I would be the happiest girl in the world.

8.      If I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world.

9.      If I were you, I would take that chance.

10.  If Rina were still alive, she would be seventeen.

3. Type III: Past Conditional

Contrary to the fact in the past (berlawanan dengan kenyataan/ yang diharapkan tidak terjadi/ impossible condition).

If + S + Past Perfect +, S + Past perfect future + Verb 3

Subject + Past perfect future, if + Subjek + Past Perfect + V3

Examples:

1.      If the team had played well, it would have won the competition.

2.      She would have gotten better grades if she had studied hard.

3.      If you had come to my house, you would have met me.

4.      If I had known her number, i would have called her.

5.      I would have come to the class if I had felt better.

6.      If he had studied hard, he would have passed the final exam.

7.      I would have gone to America if I had gotten some money.

8.      If I had passed the test, I would have gone to Bali.

9.      If I had been a lot of money, I would have bought an expensive car.

10.  If he had come to the party, I would have come too.

For Type 3, it is often formed in inversion (pembalikan). Maksudnya adalah posisi subyek dan kata kerjanya terbalik serta tidak menggunakan If.

Example:

1.      Had I passed the examination, I would have continued to Oxford University.

Is the same as:

If I had passed the examination, I would have continued to Oxford University.

The use of unless = if not, with the form of:

Unless + Subject + Verb

          Examples:

1.      You must come on time unless you miss the train.

2.      Unless you study hard, you will not pass the exam.

3.      We have to keep our health unless we spend much money on it.